{"id":123,"date":"2025-04-11T11:10:27","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T09:10:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/?p=123"},"modified":"2025-04-11T12:32:02","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T10:32:02","slug":"jak-pomoci-diteti-prekonat-separacni-uzkost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/jak-pomoci-diteti-prekonat-separacni-uzkost\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak pomoci d\u00edt\u011bti p\u0159ekonat separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc195260508\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Co je separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost?<\/mark><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost \u2013 jeden z druh\u016f \u00fazkostn\u00fdch poruch u d\u011bt\u00ed \u2013 je chronick\u00e1 a nadm\u011brn\u00e1 \u00fazkost spojen\u00e1 s odlou\u010den\u00edm od osoby, ke kter\u00e9 je d\u00edt\u011b siln\u011b p\u0159ipout\u00e1no (obvykle k rodi\u010di, \u010dast\u011bji k matce). M\u016f\u017ee se tak\u00e9 jednat o strach z opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed domova.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost m\u00e1 v\u00fdvojov\u00fd charakter \u2013 pokud se vyskytuje v ran\u00e9m d\u011btstv\u00ed (mezi 6. m\u011bs\u00edcem a 5. rokem \u017eivota), trv\u00e1 pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tce (2\u20133 t\u00fddny) a nem\u00e1 nadm\u011brn\u00fd, trval\u00fd dopad na d\u00edt\u011b a rodinu, nen\u00ed d\u016fvod k obav\u00e1m. St\u00e1v\u00e1 se patologickou, pokud p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1 po mnoho t\u00fddn\u016f, znemo\u017e\u0148uje d\u00edt\u011bti b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed a vyskytuje se u star\u0161\u00edho d\u00edt\u011bte (nad 5 let).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost m\u00e1 \u010dasto epizodick\u00fd charakter, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se m\u016f\u017ee objevovat pouze v ur\u010dit\u00fdch situac\u00edch a vyskytovat se periodicky. \u010cast\u011bji se diagnostikuje u d\u00edvek a jedin\u00e1\u010dk\u016f. Projevy separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti se mohou u r\u016fzn\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed li\u0161it \u2013 mlad\u0161\u00ed d\u011bti obvykle vykazuj\u00ed v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f ne\u017e star\u0161\u00ed. Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi typy \u00fazkostn\u00fdch poruch trv\u00e1 krat\u0161\u00ed dobu, ale m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt doprov\u00e1zena specifickou f\u00f3bi\u00ed nebo generalizovanou \u00fazkostnou poruchou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc195260508\">Co je separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc195260509\">Jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edznaky separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti u mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc195260510\">Jak\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti a postoje okol\u00ed mohou vyvolat separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc195260511\">D\u011bti se u\u010d\u00ed \u00fazkostn\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed od rodi\u010d\u016f, stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jako jin\u00e9 dovednosti.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc195260512\">Jak p\u0159edch\u00e1zet epizod\u00e1m separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc195260514\">Co ur\u010dit\u011b ned\u011blat?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc195260515\">Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 terapie separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"#_Toc195260516\">C\u00edl terapie.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc195260509\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Jak\u00e9 jsou p\u0159\u00edznaky separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti u mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed?<\/mark><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hlavn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edznakem separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti je velmi siln\u00fd protest d\u00edt\u011bte v situaci odlou\u010den\u00ed od osoby, ke kter\u00e9 je siln\u011b p\u0159ipout\u00e1no. Protest m\u016f\u017ee nastat i p\u0159i pouh\u00e9m o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed separace nebo v situaci odchodu z domova (dokonce i v doprovodu rodi\u010d\u016f). D\u00edt\u011b reaguje pl\u00e1\u010dem, k\u0159ikem, \u00fat\u011bkem, psychomotorick\u00fdm neklidem a zoufale hled\u00e1 svou osobu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00edt\u011b m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 slovn\u011b vyjad\u0159ovat siln\u00e9 obavy ze ztr\u00e1ty bl\u00edzk\u00e9 osoby nebo strach, \u017ee se j\u00ed n\u011bco stane. M\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt obavy, \u017ee se p\u0159ihod\u00ed n\u011bco \u0161patn\u00e9ho, co ho odd\u011bl\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad od matky nebo ho p\u0159inut\u00ed opustit domov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Strach z odlou\u010den\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b nerado chod\u00ed (nebo zcela odm\u00edt\u00e1 chodit) do \u0161kolky\/\u0161koly (nebo na jin\u00e1 m\u00edsta bez rodi\u010de), vy\u017eaduje dlouh\u00e9 p\u0159emlouv\u00e1n\u00ed nebo odm\u00edt\u00e1 z\u016fstat doma bez osoby, ke kter\u00e9 je siln\u011b p\u0159ipout\u00e1no.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Velmi \u010dasto si d\u011bti trp\u00edc\u00ed separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost\u00ed st\u011b\u017euj\u00ed na \u0161patn\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 i psychick\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed a hl\u00e1s\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 t\u011blesn\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee (bolesti hlavy, b\u0159icha), kter\u00e9 se zhor\u0161uj\u00ed v situaci bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edho se odlou\u010den\u00ed. Proto nap\u0159\u00edklad t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed odchodem do \u0161kolky za\u010dnou prudce plakat, protestovat, schov\u00e1vat se nebo i zvracet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00edt\u011b m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt tak\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s us\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm, zejm\u00e9na pokud nen\u00ed nabl\u00edzku osoba, ke kter\u00e9 je siln\u011b p\u0159ipout\u00e1no. Odm\u00edt\u00e1 sp\u00e1t mimo domov. \u010casto m\u00e1 no\u010dn\u00ed m\u016fry (nap\u0159. \u017ee bylo uneseno nebo \u017ee rodi\u010d zem\u0159el).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Typick\u00fdm znakem separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti je tak\u00e9 tendence d\u00edt\u011bte neust\u00e1le kontrolovat okol\u00ed (<em>Kdy se vr\u00e1t\u00ed\u0161? Kam jde\u0161?<\/em>), opakovan\u011b se uji\u0161\u0165ovat o p\u0159\u00edtomnosti d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 osoby (<em>Ale bude\u0161 tam se mnou? Nikam nep\u016fjde\u0161? Z\u016fstane\u0161 se mnou? M\u016f\u017eu sp\u00e1t s tebou?<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Typick\u00e1 je tak\u00e9 nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159enost reakce d\u00edt\u011bte v\u016f\u010di situaci, a to i p\u0159es snahu okol\u00ed o uklidn\u011bn\u00ed a p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed (<em>Nep\u016fjdu s\u00e1m, Nepust\u00edm t\u011b<\/em>). D\u00edt\u011b se fixuje na probl\u00e9m a ve chv\u00edli emo\u010dn\u00edho rozru\u0161en\u00ed nen\u00ed schopno p\u0159ij\u00edmat logick\u00e9 argumenty ani v\u00e9st dialog. \u010casto slovn\u011b vyjad\u0159uje sv\u00e9 emoce (<em>Boj\u00edm se tam j\u00edt<\/em>), ale nedok\u00e1\u017ee uv\u00e9st jejich p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u0159i v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 intenzit\u011b \u00fazkosti mohou d\u011bti projevovat dokonce agresivn\u00ed a opozi\u010dn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Impulzivn\u00ed reakce d\u00edt\u011bte trp\u00edc\u00edho separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost\u00ed jsou obvykle zafixovan\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak reagovat na situace, kter\u00e9 subjektivn\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1 jako ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed. Proto\u017ee mal\u00e9 d\u011bti maj\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee s vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm negativn\u00edch emoc\u00ed a jejich strategie zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed stresu nejsou pln\u011b rozvinut\u00e9, vn\u00edman\u00e1 hrozba \u010dasto vede k negativistick\u00e9mu nebo dokonce agresivn\u00edmu chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aby mohla b\u00fdt separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost diagnostikov\u00e1na, uveden\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky (alespo\u0148 t\u0159i) mus\u00ed p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat minim\u00e1ln\u011b po dobu \u010dty\u0159 t\u00fddn\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/terapeuticke-mistnosti\/2998\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"665\" src=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/terapeuticke-mistnosti.jpg\" alt=\"U\u010debna s kobercem zn\u00e1zor\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edm emoce, sedac\u00edmi vaky a relaxa\u010dn\u00edm koutkem.\" class=\"wp-image-130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/terapeuticke-mistnosti.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/terapeuticke-mistnosti-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/terapeuticke-mistnosti-768x511.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc195260510\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Jak\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti a postoje okol\u00ed mohou vyvolat separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost?<\/mark><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u011bt\u0161inu \u00fazkostn\u00fdch poruch u d\u011bt\u00ed zp\u016fsobuje soubor faktor\u016f \u2013 jen z\u0159\u00eddka lze ur\u010dit jednu p\u0159\u00edmou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu. Spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti b\u00fdv\u00e1 nej\u010dast\u011bji konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed ud\u00e1lost, kterou d\u00edt\u011b vn\u00edm\u00e1 jako traumatickou (i kdy\u017e z pohledu dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho nemus\u00ed m\u00edt charakter traumatu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mezi ud\u00e1losti nej\u010dast\u011bji vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>situace spojen\u00e9 se skute\u010dnou nebo domn\u011blou ztr\u00e1tou bl\u00edzk\u00e9 osoby (del\u0161\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edtomnost rodi\u010de nap\u0159. kv\u016fli pracovn\u00ed cest\u011b, hospitalizaci, rozvodu, nemoc nebo \u00famrt\u00ed bl\u00edzk\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00edm okol\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte (nap\u0159. st\u011bhov\u00e1n\u00ed do nov\u00e9ho domova, zm\u011bna <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/materske-skoly\/38\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">\u0161kolky<\/mark><\/a> nebo <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/zakladni-skoly\/23\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">\u0161koly<\/mark><\/a>, p\u0159\u00edchod mlad\u0161\u00edho sourozence nebo nov\u00e9ho partnera jednoho z rodi\u010d\u016f),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>prvn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed zku\u0161enosti (n\u00e1stup do jesl\u00ed, \u0161kolky, zah\u00e1jen\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky v p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b nebo prvn\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd\u011b),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>zm\u011bny v denn\u00edm re\u017eimu d\u00edt\u011bte (nap\u0159. absence ve \u0161kolce trvaj\u00edc\u00ed alespo\u0148 t\u00fdden).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V mechanismu vzniku separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti hraje roli tak\u00e9 genetick\u00e1 predispozice k nadm\u011brn\u00fdm \u00fazkostn\u00fdm reakc\u00edm, celkov\u00fd zdravotn\u00ed stav d\u00edt\u011bte, rodinn\u00e1 atmosf\u00e9ra a postoje rodi\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc195260511\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">D\u011bti se u\u010d\u00ed \u00fazkostn\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed od rodi\u010d\u016f, stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jako jin\u00e9 dovednosti<\/mark><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ke vzniku separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159isp\u011bt fenom\u00e9n <strong>indukce strachu<\/strong> (tzv. p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed), tedy nev\u011bdom\u00e9 p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazkosti dosp\u011bl\u00fdm. D\u00edt\u011b sleduje a napodobuje emo\u010dn\u00ed reakce bl\u00edzk\u00fdch osob v ur\u010dit\u00fdch situac\u00edch. Pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad matka p\u0159i prvn\u00edm odv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte do \u0161kolky c\u00edt\u00ed velkou \u00fazkost a \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: <em>\u201eNeboj se, nepla\u010d, v\u0161echno bude v po\u0159\u00e1dku, ur\u010dit\u011b si pro tebe p\u0159ijdu, bude se ti st\u00fdskat, ale zvl\u00e1dneme to\u201c<\/em>, d\u00edt\u011b si tuto zpr\u00e1vu m\u016f\u017ee vylo\u017eit takto: <em>\u201eJsem v nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 situaci, m\u011bl\/a bych se b\u00e1t; mo\u017en\u00e1 si pro m\u011b rodi\u010de nep\u0159ijdou; mamince se bude st\u00fdskat, nemohu ji opustit.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby rodi\u010de nezesilovali (verb\u00e1ln\u011b ani neverb\u00e1ln\u011b) \u00fazkost, kterou d\u00edt\u011b projevuje, ani jeho vyh\u00fdbav\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud d\u00edt\u011bti, kter\u00e9 se boj\u00ed, v\u011bnujeme pozornost nevhodn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem (<em>nap\u0159\u00edklad ho nadm\u011brn\u011b ut\u011b\u0161ujeme, slibujeme velk\u00e9 odm\u011bny za p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed strachu nebo naopak bagatelizujeme jeho obavy, kritizujeme je \u010di zesm\u011b\u0161\u0148ujeme<\/em>), nev\u011bdom\u011b t\u00edm \u00fazkost posilujeme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nevhodn\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 <strong>podn\u011bcov\u00e1n\u00ed a chv\u00e1len\u00ed vyh\u00fdbav\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>. Nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud rodi\u010d p\u0159i proch\u00e1zce opakovan\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: <em>\u201eNevzdaluj se ode m\u011b, jinak se ztrat\u00ed\u0161,\u201c<\/em> d\u00edt\u011b s velkou pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed zareaguje t\u00edm, \u017ee se rodi\u010de pevn\u011b chyt\u00ed za ruku a nap\u0159\u00edklad se vzd\u00e1 samostatn\u00e9ho objevov\u00e1n\u00ed h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b. Pokud rodi\u010d takov\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed pochv\u00e1l\u00ed slovy <em>\u201eJsi moc hodn\u00fd\/\u00e1\u201c<\/em>, vyh\u00fdbav\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed se pos\u00edl\u00ed a d\u00edt\u011b si upevn\u00ed my\u0161lenku: <em>\u201eJsem v bezpe\u010d\u00ed jen bl\u00edzko m\u00e1my.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mnohem lep\u0161\u00ed strategi\u00ed je d\u00e1t d\u00edt\u011bti jasn\u00e9 pravidlo: <em>\u201eDomluv\u00edme se \u2013 m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 si na h\u0159i\u0161ti hr\u00e1t s\u00e1m\/sama, ale nesm\u00ed\u0161 j\u00edt za plot a zavol\u00e1\u0161 m\u011b, kdy\u017e bude\u0161 cht\u00edt vyl\u00e9zt na tu vysokou prol\u00e9za\u010dku.\u201c<\/em> Pot\u00e9 je vhodn\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b sledovat z bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u016f\u017ee se tak\u00e9 st\u00e1t, \u017ee projevy separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti d\u00edt\u011bti paradoxn\u011b za\u010dnou p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161et ur\u010dit\u00e9 v\u00fdhody (zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 pozornost rodi\u010d\u016f, mo\u017enost z\u016fstat doma) a umo\u017en\u00ed mu ovliv\u0148ovat chov\u00e1n\u00ed okol\u00ed. Pokud reakce rodi\u010d\u016f na \u00fazkost d\u00edt\u011bti zaji\u0161\u0165uje pozornost nebo mu umo\u017e\u0148uje vyhnout se nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 situaci, strach se t\u00edm posiluje a upev\u0148uje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee ur\u010dit\u00e9 faktory, situace a chov\u00e1n\u00ed rodi\u010de mohou u jednoho d\u00edt\u011bte vyvolat \u00fazkost, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b na stejn\u00e9 podn\u011bty nereaguje znepokojen\u00edm. Existuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 rozd\u00edly mezi mlad\u0161\u00edmi a star\u0161\u00edmi d\u011btmi. Riziko vzniku epizody separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti je vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed u d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed \u00fazkostnou povahu, ji\u017e d\u0159\u00edve takov\u00fd stav za\u017eily nebo maj\u00ed v rodin\u011b n\u011bkoho, kdo trp\u00ed \u00fazkostnou poruchou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pamatujme tak\u00e9, \u017ee <strong>kofein<\/strong> (obsa\u017een\u00fd v Coca-Cole, ledov\u00e9m \u010daji, \u010dokol\u00e1d\u011b) m\u016f\u017ee zesilovat \u00fazkost (v\u010detn\u011b separa\u010dn\u00ed). Povzbuzuje nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, zrychluje srde\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinnost a vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 neklid \u2013 co\u017e jsou projevy, kter\u00e9 si d\u00edt\u011b m\u016f\u017ee myln\u011b vylo\u017eit jako \u00fazkost. Podobn\u00fd vliv m\u00e1 <strong>nadbytek cukru<\/strong>, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobuje prudk\u00fd vzestup hladiny cukru v krvi a n\u00e1sledn\u00fd rychl\u00fd pokles, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee d\u00edt\u011b vn\u00edmat jako pocit nevolnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dazkostn\u00e9 projevy se tak\u00e9 zhor\u0161uj\u00ed p\u0159i <strong>infekc\u00edch, onemocn\u011bn\u00edch \u0161t\u00edtn\u00e9 \u017el\u00e1zy<\/strong> nebo jako vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinek n\u011bkter\u00fdch l\u00e9k\u016f (nap\u0159. n\u011bkter\u00fdch antihistaminik).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na vznik \u00fazkostn\u00fdch poruch, v\u010detn\u011b separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti, m\u00e1 vliv tak\u00e9 modern\u00ed <strong>&#8222;epidemie&#8220;<\/strong> \u2013 nadm\u011brn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed televize, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed mobilu, tabletu apod. Nejde jen o to, \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b m\u016f\u017ee vid\u011bt poh\u00e1dku, kter\u00e1 ho vyd\u011bs\u00ed, ale i o to, \u017ee <strong>p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu<\/strong> zvy\u0161uje jeho n\u00e1chylnost k pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed strachu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc195260512\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Jak p\u0159edch\u00e1zet epizod\u00e1m separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti?<\/mark><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Prevence separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti v situac\u00edch, kdy ji o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1me<\/strong> (slu\u017eebn\u00ed cesta maminky, nutnost p\u0159esp\u00e1n\u00ed u babi\u010dky, pobyt ve \u0161kolce apod.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1me, \u017ee se u d\u00edt\u011bte objev\u00ed separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost, m\u016f\u017eeme vyu\u017e\u00edt n\u011bkolik metod, kter\u00e9 mu usnadn\u00ed adaptaci na novou nebo obt\u00ed\u017enou situaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>Metoda p\u0159\u00edpravy<\/strong> \u2013 spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v poskytnut\u00ed informac\u00ed a sezn\u00e1men\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte se situac\u00ed odlou\u010den\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e k n\u00ed dojde. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159ed n\u00e1stupem do \u0161kolky je vhodn\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b sezn\u00e1mit s prost\u0159ed\u00edm, p\u0159edstavit mu budovu, budouc\u00ed pan\u00ed u\u010ditelku a umo\u017enit mu hr\u00e1t si s ostatn\u00edmi d\u011btmi v p\u0159\u00edtomnosti rodi\u010de.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>Metoda postupn\u00e9ho zvyk\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 znamen\u00e1 postupn\u00e9 zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti situace odlou\u010den\u00ed. Nejprve tr\u00e9nujeme kr\u00e1tk\u00e1 odlou\u010den\u00ed (nap\u0159. maminka odejde na 5 minut do jin\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti, pot\u00e9 na 10 minut), postupn\u011b na del\u0161\u00ed dobu (maminka jde vyn\u00e9st odpadky). Pak prodlu\u017eujeme vzd\u00e1lenost, kterou se maminka od d\u00edt\u011bte vzdaluje (nejd\u0159\u00edve z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 pobl\u00ed\u017e domu, pak odjede t\u0159eba ke kade\u0159nici).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u201euti\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f\u201c (talisman, amulet)<\/strong> \u2013 d\u00edt\u011bti m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159ed odlou\u010den\u00edm d\u00e1t ply\u0161\u00e1ka, kter\u00fd symbolicky nahrazuje rodi\u010de, dokud se nevr\u00e1t\u00ed, nebo nechat u n\u011bj p\u0159edm\u011bt, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 rodi\u010de (nap\u0159. mamin\u010d\u00edn \u0161\u00e1tek). Tak\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme d\u00edt\u011bti d\u00e1t \u201ekouzeln\u00fd talisman\u201c, kter\u00fd sni\u017euje \u00fazkost a posiluje jeho sebev\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>Odm\u011b\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed a posilov\u00e1n\u00ed zvl\u00e1dnut\u00e9 separace<\/strong> \u2013 m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt formu slovn\u00ed pochvaly, spole\u010dn\u011b str\u00e1ven\u00e9ho \u010dasu (kino, baz\u00e9n), obl\u00edben\u00e9 dobroty nebo drobn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ln\u00ed odm\u011bny. U\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 <strong>\u201e\u017eetonov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my\u201c<\/strong> (samolepky, ka\u0161tany, t\u011bstoviny) \u2013 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, aby d\u00edt\u011b dostalo odm\u011bnu co nejd\u0159\u00edve po zvl\u00e1dnut\u00e9m odlou\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>Omezen\u00ed vyh\u00fdbav\u00e9ho a \u00fanikov\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> \u2013 vyh\u00fdb\u00e1n\u00ed se situac\u00edm odlou\u010den\u00ed <strong>posiluje separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost<\/strong> a zvy\u0161uje pravd\u011bpodobnost dal\u0161\u00edch protest\u016f. Pokud rodi\u010d ustoup\u00ed siln\u00e9mu protestu d\u00edt\u011bte (nap\u0159. zru\u0161\u00ed sv\u016fj odchod, proto\u017ee d\u00edt\u011b pl\u00e1\u010de), d\u00edt\u011b se u\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9. Pokud tedy mus\u00edme z\u016fstat s d\u00edt\u011btem doma (nap\u0159\u00edklad proto, \u017ee r\u00e1no zvracelo), je dobr\u00e9, aby tento \u010das nebyl vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako \u201ez\u00e1bava nav\u00edc\u201c. M\u016f\u017eeme jej vyu\u017e\u00edt na dohn\u00e1n\u00ed rest\u016f v pracovn\u00edch listech nebo za\u0159\u00eddit situaci, kdy d\u00edt\u011b alespo\u0148 na chv\u00edli z\u016fstane bez rodi\u010de (nap\u0159. s babi\u010dkou), i kdy\u017e ne\u0161lo do \u0161kolky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a id=\"_Toc195260513\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">V\u00fdjimku tvo\u0159\u00ed situace, kdy jsme si jisti, \u017ee d\u00edt\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b nen\u00ed p\u0159ipraveno na odlou\u010den\u00ed, v minulosti ho nezvl\u00e1dlo, nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 pocity z rozchodu neodezn\u011bly a separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost se je\u0161t\u011b zes\u00edlila<\/mark><\/a> (tj. za\u010dala se objevovat v nov\u00fdch situac\u00edch nebo nabrala na intenzit\u011b).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>Rada<\/strong>: Fyzick\u00e1 bl\u00edzkost rodi\u010de obvykle separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost posiluje \u2013 \u010dasto je lep\u0161\u00ed rychl\u00e9 rozlou\u010den\u00ed, n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, jak si d\u00edt\u011b vede, a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed odlou\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Co dal\u0161\u00edho m\u016f\u017ee dosp\u011bl\u00fd ud\u011blat?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sna\u017eit se porozum\u011bt strachu d\u00edt\u011bte.<\/strong><br><strong>Ukazovat metody zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazkosti a dal\u0161\u00edch emoc\u00ed<\/strong> (pom\u00e1hat d\u00edt\u011bti rozpoznat, pojmenovat a vyj\u00e1d\u0159it pocity \u2013 lze vyu\u017e\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e9 pom\u016fcky a hry).<br><strong>Podporovat motivaci d\u00edt\u011bte vyrovnat se s emocemi<\/strong> (s m\u00edrou), p\u0159ipom\u00ednat, \u017ee strach nelze p\u0159ekonat okam\u017eit\u011b, ale \u017ee tento postupn\u011b sl\u00e1bne.<br><strong>P\u0159ipom\u00ednat d\u00edt\u011bti techniky na zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed<\/strong> (vizualiza\u010dn\u00ed, relaxa\u010dn\u00ed a dechov\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed, mas\u00e1\u017ee, poh\u00e1dkov\u00e1 terapie).<br><strong>Posilovat pocit bezpe\u010d\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte<\/strong>, uji\u0161\u0165ovat ho, \u017ee je pro n\u00e1s d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee ho m\u00e1me r\u00e1di a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1me ho (i kdy\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed neakceptujeme).<br><strong>Nekomentovat emo\u010dn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee d\u00edt\u011bte p\u0159ed ostatn\u00edmi<\/strong>, nesrovn\u00e1vat ho s jin\u00fdmi d\u011btmi, vyhnout se nadm\u011brn\u00e9 kritice nebo zleh\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho strachu.<br><strong>Dodr\u017eovat dohody, kter\u00e9 s d\u00edt\u011btem uzav\u0159eme.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc195260514\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Co ur\u010dit\u011b ned\u011blat?<\/mark><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bagatelizovat emoce d\u00edt\u011bte nebo je pop\u00edrat (\u201eNem\u00e1\u0161 se \u010deho b\u00e1t!\u201c).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zahanbovat d\u00edt\u011b nebo ho srovn\u00e1vat s jin\u00fdmi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u00fdt netrp\u011bliv\u00fd nebo d\u00edt\u011b za jeho strach trestat.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc195260515\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">Jak prob\u00edh\u00e1 terapie separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkosti?<\/mark><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pokud \u00fazkostn\u00e9 reakce za\u010dnou m\u00edt patologick\u00fd charakter (<strong>trvaj\u00ed d\u00e9le ne\u017e 3\u20134 t\u00fddny, jsou velmi intenzivn\u00ed a naru\u0161uj\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed rodiny<\/strong>), d\u00edt\u011b by m\u011blo b\u00fdt konzultov\u00e1no s psychologem a\/nebo d\u011btsk\u00fdm psychiatrem. Pokud je diagnostikov\u00e1na separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost, doporu\u010duje se zah\u00e1jen\u00ed terapie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metodou je <strong>kognitivn\u011b-behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed terapie (KBT)<\/strong>. Na <strong>prvn\u00ed sch\u016fzku s psychologem<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 slou\u017e\u00ed k rozhovoru a identifikaci probl\u00e9mu, by m\u011bli p\u0159ij\u00edt <strong>nejprve samotn\u00ed rodi\u010de<\/strong> (aby d\u00edt\u011b nebylo sv\u011bdkem diskuze o sv\u00fdch pot\u00ed\u017e\u00edch). <strong>Dal\u0161\u00ed terapeutick\u00e1 setk\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edhaj\u00ed s d\u00edt\u011btem, ale za podpory rodi\u010de<\/strong>, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edch \u201e\u00fakol\u016f\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a id=\"_Toc195260516\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">C\u00edl terapie<\/mark><\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem terapie je <strong>nau\u010dit d\u00edt\u011b postupn\u011b zvl\u00e1dat situace, kter\u00fdch se ob\u00e1v\u00e1<\/strong>. Z\u00e1kladem je <strong>vytvo\u0159en\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a d\u016fv\u011bry mezi d\u00edt\u011btem a terapeutem<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Terapii obvykle za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 tzv. <strong>psychoedukace<\/strong> \u2013 d\u00edt\u011b se seznamuje s t\u00edm, co je separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost, jak funguje, jak ovliv\u0148uje t\u011blo a chov\u00e1n\u00ed a jak s n\u00ed lze pracovat. U mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 <strong>terapie poh\u00e1dkami<\/strong>, star\u0161\u00ed d\u011bti se zapojuj\u00ed do rozhovor\u016f, \u010dasto s vyu\u017eit\u00edm kresby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Postupn\u00e1 expozice \u2013 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 metoda terapie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Plat\u00ed z\u00e1sada, \u017ee <strong>\u010d\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve d\u00edt\u011b op\u011bt \u010del\u00ed situaci, kter\u00e9 se chce vyhnout, t\u00edm snadn\u011bji separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost p\u0159ekon\u00e1<\/strong>. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se metoda tzv. <strong>postupn\u00e9 expozice<\/strong>, kdy se d\u00edt\u011b nejprve setk\u00e1v\u00e1 se situacemi, kter\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed <strong>men\u0161\u00ed \u00fazkost<\/strong>, a postupn\u011b se p\u0159ech\u00e1z\u00ed k t\u011bm n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V r\u00e1mci t\u00e9to metody se s d\u00edt\u011btem <strong>vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u201eseznam strach\u016f\u201c<\/strong> \u2013 seznam situac\u00ed spojen\u00fdch s odlou\u010den\u00edm, kter\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed r\u016fznou m\u00edru \u00fazkosti. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 situace je podrobn\u011b pops\u00e1na a dopln\u011bna tzv. <strong>\u0161k\u00e1lov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/strong>, tedy \u010d\u00edselnou nebo obr\u00e1zkovou stupnic\u00ed, kter\u00e1 d\u00edt\u011bti pom\u00e1h\u00e1 <strong>hodnotit intenzitu sv\u00e9ho strachu<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Terapie u\u010d\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b, \u017ee <strong>\u00fazkost se postupn\u011b sni\u017euje<\/strong>, pokud se s n\u00ed setk\u00e1v\u00e1 v kontrolovan\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, a pom\u00e1h\u00e1 mu vybudovat <strong>zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed stresu a odlou\u010den\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dal\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v postupn\u00e9m vstupov\u00e1n\u00ed do dal\u0161\u00edch situac\u00ed ze seznamu (ka\u017edou situaci opakujeme n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t), aby se d\u00edt\u011b v bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, s pomoc\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00e9ho a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm d\u0159\u00edve nau\u010den\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed (nap\u0159\u00edklad vizualiza\u010dn\u00ed cvi\u010den\u00ed, dechov\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed), konfrontovalo se strachem a z\u00edskalo p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee je schopn\u00e9 si s n\u00edm poradit. B\u011bhem terapie se d\u00edt\u011b u\u010d\u00ed rozpozn\u00e1vat sign\u00e1ly \u00fazkosti vych\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z t\u011bla, identifikovat my\u0161lenkov\u00e9 procesy spojen\u00e9 s pob\u00edzen\u00edm a reagovat na tyto sign\u00e1ly pomoc\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch strategi\u00ed zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fazkosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.sk\/vak-zurivec\/12662\/101728\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/didakticke_pomucky_pro_deti-1.jpg\" alt=\"Chlapec si vyb\u00edj\u00ed zlost kop\u00e1n\u00edm do velk\u00e9ho \u010derven\u00e9ho antistresov\u00e9ho pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159e ve tvaru kapky \u2013 pom\u016fcka pro uvoln\u011bn\u00ed emoc\u00ed a zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed hn\u011bvu u d\u011bt\u00ed.\" class=\"wp-image-135\" style=\"width:693px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/didakticke_pomucky_pro_deti-1.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/didakticke_pomucky_pro_deti-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/didakticke_pomucky_pro_deti-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/didakticke_pomucky_pro_deti-1-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chcete-li podpo\u0159it terapii, je dobr\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/didakticke-pomucky\/69\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">didaktick\u00e9 pom\u016fcky<\/mark><\/a> firmy Insgraf. Jednou z nab\u00edzen\u00fdch pom\u016fcek je \u201ePodlo\u017eka k vydup\u00e1n\u00ed zlosti\u201c, co\u017e je pom\u016fcka, jej\u00edm\u017e \u00fakolem je usnadnit vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed emoc\u00ed p\u0159ijateln\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dal\u0161\u00ed pom\u016fckou, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159i terapii, jsou barevn\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/polstarky-emoce-5-ks\/20891\/617046\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">pol\u0161t\u00e1\u0159ky emoc\u00ed<\/mark><\/a> nebo <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/podlozka-emoce\/20862\/617017\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">podlo\u017eky emoce<\/mark><\/a>, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1haj\u00ed mluvit s d\u011btmi o emoc\u00edch p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdm a p\u0159\u00edstupn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V internetov\u00e9m obchod\u011b Insgraf.cz najdete v\u00edce didaktick\u00fdch pom\u016fcek na podporu d\u011bt\u00ed v <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/rozvoj-spolecenskych-kompetenci-a-emoci\/161\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">rozvoji emocion\u00e1ln\u00edch kompetenc\u00ed<\/mark><\/a> a tak\u00e9 nezbytn\u00e9 n\u00e1bytkov\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/terapeuticke-mistnosti\/2998\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-accent-color\">vybaven\u00ed pro terapeutick\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti<\/mark><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/rozvoj-spolecenskych-kompetenci-a-emoci\/161\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\" noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" src=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pomucky_pro_terapii.jpg\" alt=\"D\u00edvka vkl\u00e1d\u00e1 n\u011bco do krabi\u010dky na smutky, vedle n\u00ed sed\u00ed u\u010ditelka.\" class=\"wp-image-133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pomucky_pro_terapii.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pomucky_pro_terapii-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/pomucky_pro_terapii-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Autor: A. Wrzesiak \u2013 klinick\u00fd psycholog<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Co je separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost? Separa\u010dn\u00ed \u00fazkost \u2013 jeden z druh\u016f \u00fazkostn\u00fdch poruch u d\u011bt\u00ed \u2013 je chronick\u00e1 a nadm\u011brn\u00e1 \u00fazkost<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":129,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-materska-skola","category-zakladni-skola","comments-off"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=123"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":137,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123\/revisions\/137"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/insgraf.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}